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Objective To analyze the influence of different backpack types and loads on kinematics and plantar pressure of college students during stair climbing, so as to provide references for choosing the appropriate backpack and carrying mode. Methods The Nokov infrared light point motion capture system and Podome plantar pressure system were used to analyze the differences in the range of motion ( ROM) of the trunk and lower limb joints, the kinematic parameters at the peak time, the peak pressure of each plantar partition, the contact time, the maximum pressure of the whole foot, the average pressure and the maximum contact area for 15 male college students during the support period of stair climbing. Results The 5% BW and 10% BW backpack loads reduced ROM of trunk rotation, increased ROM of ankle flexion/ extension and varus / valgus. The 10% BW backpack loads increased the peak pressure of the 1st and 3rd metatarsals bones and the maximum pressure of the whole foot ( P < 0. 05). Single-shoulder bag and handbag reduced ROM of trunk tilting and rotation, and increased ROM of ankle flexion and extension, hip flexion angle, peak pressure of foot arch and medial heel (P<0. 05). The double-shoulder bag loads increased peak pressure in the toe area (P<0. 05). Conclusions During walking on the stairs, the 5% BW and 10% BW backpack loads limited trunk rotation and increased ankle ROM. The 10% BW loads also increased the load in metatarsal area. The unilateral weight-bearing mode would make the trunk tilt to the unload side and rotate to the weight-bearing side. The pressure in toe area was higher when carrying double-shoulder bag, while single-shoulder bag and handbag mainly increased the pressure of arch foot and medial heel. It is suggested that college students choose symmetrical backpack scheme, and wisely allocate back weight to avoid the injury of foot area.
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Objective:To systematically evaluate the influencing factors on unplanned shutdown of continuous blood purification, and to provide reference basis for the prevention of unplanned shutdown.Methods:The literatures related to the influencing factors of unplanned shutdown of continuous blood purification in CNKI, Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Full-text Database, PubMed and Web of Science were searched.The retrieval time of Chinese database was from the establishment of the database to March 2021.English databases were searched from March 2016 to March 2021.Literature selection, quality evaluation and data extraction were independently conducted by two researchers, and Meta-analysis was performed by Stata 14.0 software.Results:A total of 11 studies were included, including 3 031 cases of continuous blood purification treatment and 1 412 cases of unplanned discontinuation.The combined OR value and 95% CI of all influencing factors were as follows: treatment mode 2.22 (1.06-4.62), blood flow velocity 0.91 (0.776-1.09), agitation 4.54 (2.33-8.86), ventilator 2.67 (1.63-4.38), transfusing blood products and fat milk 1.07 (0.34-3.36), one-time catheter success 0.26 (0.05-1.42), catheterization site (femoral vein vs.jugular vein) 2.24 (0.83-6.02). Conclusion:Unplanned deplaning is influenced by many factors.Treatment mode, agitation and ventilator use are the risk factors for unplanned deplaning.There is no correlation between blood flow velocity, transfusing blood products and fat milk, one-time catheterization success, catheterization site and unplanned deplaning.
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Objective To examine the effects of ankle brace on biomechanics of the lower extremity during landing, so as to provide a theoretic support to choose ankle brace for people with different sports levels. Methods The key words (ankle brace OR ankle braces OR ankle bracing OR ankle support) AND (landing OR land OR jump OR hopped OR hopping) AND (biomechanics OR kinematics OR kinetics OR electromyography OR neuromuscular) in Chinese and English were searched from different electronic databases (CNKI, Web of Science, EBSCO, PubMed and other databases), for a period of Jan. 2000 to Dec. 2020. Cochrane was used to evaluate the quality of eligible studies. For meta analysis, subgroup analysis was used to assess the impact of ankle braces on ankle biomechanics.Results Thirteen studies with a total of 222 participants were included for mata analysis in this study. The semi-rigid ankle brace reduced the peak of ankle inversion by 25.8% compared with the elastic ankle brace (SMD=-0.562, P<0.001). Moreover, the elastic ankle brace reduced ankle plant flexion during landing among athletes (SMD=-3.42, P=-0.021). As for collagiate students, both elastic ankle and semi-rigid ankle decreased the ankle inversion (elastic ankle brace: 35.4%, SMD=-1.000, P=-0.013; semi-rigid ankle brace: 31.11%, SMD=-0.881, P<0.001) and ankle plant flexion (elastic ankle brace:23.30%, SMD=-1.381, P<0.001;semi-rigid ankle brace: 36.33%, SMD=-1.605, P<0.001).Conclusions Both ankle braces can prevent ankle sprain for athletes (basketball, volleyball, running) who experience training more than 5 years. The elastic ankle brace can limit the inversion and plantar flexion, while the semi-rigid ankle brace can merely decrease the ankle inversion. Therefore, athletes are more suitable for the elastic ankle brace. As for collegiate students without training history, both ankle brace can decrease the ankle inversion and plantar flexion. The elastic ankle brace has greater restriction on inversion, while the semi-rigid ankle brace has more restriction on plantar flexion. Therefore, the elastic ankle brace should be utilized if collegiate students have calcaneofibular ligament injury, while the semi-rigid ankle brace is more suitable for collegiate students who have a history of anterior talofibular ligament injury.